GraalVM
安装 GraalVM
参考官网
通过 Chocolate
choco install graalvm
常见问题
如果之前安装了 Java 的话需要将环境变量上移盖过 Java。
验证安装
PS C:\Users\Yue_plus> java -version
openjdk version "17.0.6" 2023-01-17
OpenJDK Runtime Environment GraalVM CE 22.3.1 (build 17.0.6+10-jvmci-22.3-b13)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM GraalVM CE 22.3.1 (build 17.0.6+10-jvmci-22.3-b13, mixed mode, sharing)
安装完毕后可使用 gu 命令
提示
在 Windows PowerShell 中使用 gu.cmd 命令。
gu --help
PS C:\Users\Yue_plus> gu.cmd --help
GraalVM Component Updater v2.0.0
Usage:
gu info [-cClLnprstuvVJ] <param> print info about a specific component (from a file, a URL or a catalog)
gu available [-aClvVJ] <expr> list components available in a catalog
gu install [-0CcDfiLMnosruvyxY] <param> install a component package
gu list [-clvJ] <expression> list installed components, or components from a catalog
gu remove [-0DfMxv] <id> uninstall a component
gu upgrade [-cCnLsuxSd] [<ver>] [<cmp>] upgrade to a recent GraalVM or edition
gu rebuild-images rebuild native executables. Use -h for detailed usage
Common options:
-A, --auto-yes respond YES or ACCEPT to all questions.
-c, --catalog treat parameters as component IDs from a catalog of GraalVM components. This is the default.
-C, --custom-catalog <url> use user-supplied catalog at URL.
-e, --debug debugging. Prints stacktraces, ...
-E, --no-catalog-errors do not stop if at least one catalog is working.
-h, --help print help.
-L, --local-file, --file treat parameters as local filenames of packaged components.
-N, --non-interactive noninteractive mode. Fail when input is required.
--show-version print version information and continue.
-u, --url interpret parameters as URLs of packaged components.
-v, --verbose be verbose. Print versions and dependency information.
--version print version.
Additonal options:
--email <address> email address that confirms acceptance of GDS license.
can only be used with some commands.
--config <path> path to configuration file
--show-ee-token print current download token
Use
gu <command> -h
to get specific help.
Runtime options:
--native Run using the native launcher with limited access to Java libraries
(default).
--jvm Run on the Java Virtual Machine with access to Java libraries.
--vm.[option] Pass options to the host VM. To see available options, use '--help:vm'.
--log.file=<String> Redirect guest languages logging into a given file.
--log.[logger].level=<String> Set language log level to OFF, SEVERE, WARNING, INFO, CONFIG, FINE,
FINER, FINEST or ALL.
--help Print this help message.
--help:vm Print options for the host VM.
See http://www.graalvm.org for more information.
[WARNING] Unable to create a system terminal, creating a dumb terminal (enable debug logging for more information)
原生镜像
安装原生镜像支持
原生镜像支持可以使用 GraalVM 更新工具 添加到 GraalVM。
运行此命令安装原生镜像支持：
gu install native-image
native-image 工具将被安装到 $JAVA_HOME/bin 目录。
native-image --help
PS C:\Users\Yue_plus> native-image.cmd --help
GraalVM Native Image (https://www.graalvm.org/native-image/)
This tool can ahead-of-time compile Java code to native executables.
Usage: native-image [options] class [imagename] [options]
(to build an image for a class)
or native-image [options] -jar jarfile [imagename] [options]
(to build an image for a jar file)
or native-image [options] -m <module>[/<mainclass>] [options]
native-image [options] --module <module>[/<mainclass>] [options]
(to build an image for a module)
where options include:
@argument files one or more argument files containing options
-cp <class search path of directories and zip/jar files>
-classpath <class search path of directories and zip/jar files>
--class-path <class search path of directories and zip/jar files>
A ; separated list of directories, JAR archives,
and ZIP archives to search for class files.
-p <module path>
--module-path <module path>...
A ; separated list of directories, each directory
is a directory of modules.
--add-modules <module name>[,<module name>...]
root modules to resolve in addition to the initial module.
<module name> can also be ALL-DEFAULT, ALL-SYSTEM,
ALL-MODULE-PATH.
-D<name>=<value> set a system property
-J<flag> pass <flag> directly to the JVM running the image generator
-O<level> 0 - no optimizations, 1 - basic optimizations (default),
b - quick build mode for development.
--diagnostics-mode enable diagnostics output: class initialization, substitutions, etc.
--enable-preview allow classes to depend on preview features of this release
--verbose enable verbose output
--version print product version and exit
--help print this help message
--help-extra print help on non-standard options
--auto-fallback build stand-alone image if possible
--configure-reflection-metadata
enable runtime instantiation of reflection objects for non-invoked
methods.
--enable-all-security-services
add all security service classes to the generated image.
--enable-http enable http support in the generated image
--enable-https enable https support in the generated image
--enable-monitoring enable monitoring features that allow the VM to be inspected at
run time. Comma-separated list can contain 'heapdump', 'jfr',
'jvmstat', or 'all' (defaults to 'all' if no argument is
provided). For example: `--enable-monitoring=heapdump,jvmstat`.
--enable-url-protocols
list of comma separated URL protocols to enable.
--features a comma-separated list of fully qualified Feature implementation
classes
--force-fallback force building of fallback image
--gc=<value> select native-image garbage collector implementation. Allowed
options for <value>:
'epsilon': Epsilon garbage collector
'serial': Serial garbage collector (default)
--initialize-at-build-time
a comma-separated list of packages and classes (and implicitly all
of their superclasses) that are initialized during image
generation. An empty string designates all packages.
--initialize-at-run-time
a comma-separated list of packages and classes (and implicitly all
of their subclasses) that must be initialized at runtime and not
during image building. An empty string is currently not
supported.
--install-exit-handlers
provide java.lang.Terminator exit handlers
--libc selects the libc implementation to use. Available implementations:
glibc, musl, bionic
--link-at-build-time require types to be fully defined at image build-time. If used
without args, all classes in scope of the option are required to
be fully defined.
--link-at-build-time-paths
require all types in given class or module-path entries to be
fully defined at image build-time.
--list-cpu-features show CPU features specific to the target platform and exit.
--list-modules list observable modules and exit.
--native-compiler-options
provide custom C compiler option used for query code compilation.
--native-compiler-path
provide custom path to C compiler used for query code compilation
and linking.
--native-image-info show native-toolchain information and image-build settings
--no-fallback build stand-alone image or report failure
--report-unsupported-elements-at-runtime
report usage of unsupported methods and fields at run time when
they are accessed the first time, instead of as an error during
image building
--shared build shared library
--silent silence build output
--static build statically linked executable (requires static libc and zlib)
--target selects native-image compilation target (in <OS>-<architecture>
format). Defaults to host's OS-architecture pair.
--trace-class-initialization
comma-separated list of fully-qualified class names that class
initialization is traced for.
--trace-object-instantiation
comma-separated list of fully-qualified class names that object
instantiation is traced for.
-da also -da[:[packagename]...|:classname] or
-disableassertions[:[packagename]...|:classname]. Disable
assertions with specified granularity.
-dsa also -disablesystemassertions. Disables assertions in all system
classes.
-ea also -ea[:[packagename]...|:classname] or
-enableassertions[:[packagename]...|:classname]. Enable
assertions with specified granularity.
-esa also -enablesystemassertions. Enables assertions in all system
classes.
-g generate debugging information
-o name of the output file to be generated
Available macro-options are:
--language:nfi
--language:regex
--language:icu4j
--tool:coverage
--tool:insight
--tool:dap
--tool:chromeinspector
--tool:insightheap
--tool:lsp
--tool:profiler
Windows 系统先决条件
要在 Windows 上使用原生映像，需要安装 Visual Studio 和 Microsoft Visual c++ (MSVC)。 有两种安装选项:
- 使用 Windows SDK 安装 Visual Studio 构建工具
- 使用 Windows SDK 安装 Visual Studio
可以使用 Visual Studio 2017 version 15.9 或更高版本。 “原生镜像”构建器只有在从 X64 原生工具命令提示符 中运行时才能工作。 启动 X64 原生工具命令提示符的命令根据是否只安装了 Visual Studio 构建工具或是否安装了完整的 Visual Studio 2019 而有所不同。
↑↑↑说人话：
- 下载 Visual Studio
- 安装时选择 使用 C++ 的桌面开发，可选项里勾选 Windows 10/11 SDK
- 添加环境变量（版本更新会导致路径改变）：
C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.35.32215\bin\Hostx64\x64
参考：15. GraalVM Native Image Support | Spring Boot Reference Documentation